In this study, we analyzed district heating smart meter data from 61 buildings in Copenhagen, Denmark, focused on the peak load quantification in a building cluster and a case study on load shifting. This paper investigates demand-side flexibility provision in two distinct forms of manual Frequency Restoration Reserve (mFRR) services and load shifting, and explores which one is financially more appealing to Thermo-statically Controlled Loads (TCLs) in Denmark. The energy consumption data were clustered into three subsets concerning seasonal variation. Load shifting is a method of shifting electricity consumption from hours with high load and typically higher electricity prices to hours with lower load and often lower electricity prices – without changing the total electricity consumption. This makes load shifting relevant for both businesses and.
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