Base station (or base radio station, BS) is – according to the International Telecommunication Union 's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – a " land station in the land mobile service. The idea of base stations is anchored in their function to provide coverage, capacity, and connectivity, hence allowing for extending the working capabilities of mobile phones and other radio gear. It acts as a hub between mobile devices and the core system. " A base station is called node B in 3G, eNB in LTE (4G), and gNB in 5G. The BSS carries out transcoding of speech channels, allocation of radio channels to mobile. Base stations play a pivotal role in mobile telecommunications, acting as the nexus between users' cell phones and the broader network infrastructure.