The rapidly growing of population in the developing countries and their lack of access to electricity, especially in the remote or rural areas, is causing huge challenges for on energy production. Energy is an enabler and a reliable energy supply is critical to sustainable socio-economic development for any nation. Most of Chad's people live in villages with no particular power supply system. Exploiting renewable energies is the only means of fostering develop. The rapidly growing of population in the developing countries and their lack of access to electricity, especially in the remote or rural areas, is causing huge challenges for on energy production. Energy is an enabler and a reliable energy supply is critical to sustainable socio-economic development for any nation. Most of Chad's people live in villages with no particular power supply system. Exploiting renewable energies is the only means of fostering development and improving people's welfare. This paper attempts at proposing an energy profile and storage model for Chad in vast remote towns. The paper addresses the key energy gap that is hindering on the development of such systems, it models and assess the potential on electricity generation and using hydrogen as surplus power storage system. A techno-econo-environmental survey on a solar-wind hybrid system in 25 towns in Chad is undertaken using NASA data and HOMER Software. Several hybrid scenarios of energy production and storage is analyzed. The results showed that in the electricity generation scenario, the average total NPC for the studied stations was $ 48164 and the average LCOE was $0.573. The lowest LCOE was related to Aouzou station with 0.507 $/kWh and the highest LCOE was obtained for Bol station with 0.604 $/kWh. In the simultaneous electricity and hydrogen generation scenario, the cheapest hydrogen ($4.695/kg) was produced in the “Grid” scenario, which was the same for all of the stations, with a total NPC of $2413770. The most expensive hydr. ••The wind turbine alone was the superior choice at no station in Chad.••The lowest LCOE (0.507 $/kWh) was associated with Aouzou station.••The lowest COH (4.695 $/kg) was associated with Grid scenario.••In electricity generation scenario, Abeche has the lowest emission (63.1 kg/year).••In hydrogen generation scenario, Aouzou has the lowest emission (1109 kg/ye. Solar energyWind energyHydrogen storageRemote communitiesi Annual interest rate (%)LCOE Levelized cost of electricity ($/kWh)Rprim Primary load (kWh/year)Rtot, grid,sales Total grid sales (kWh/year)CRF Capacity recovery factor (−)Cann,tot Currently more than two thirds of Africa's population about 621 million people do not have access to electrical energy. In Sub-Saharan Africa only, the average connectivity to the main grid is 20%. Access to electricity is a must for development and it has a significant effect on water supply, telecommunication services, and improved healthcare. Also, energy access will lead to the development of rural areas and creation of new careers and value addition industries. It should be noted that Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest potential for renewable energy resources; with a 10 TW solar potential, 1300 GW wind potential, and 15 GW geothermal potential in this region. Therefore, it seems reasonable to use clean energies for resolving the region's energy problems. It is noteworthy, although, that because of rich fossil/biomass reservoirs of this region, there is a reluctanec to invest in renewable energies sector which is exacerbated by such factors as donor funding dependance, variable wind speed and cloundiness that are highly influential on its development [2,3]. The share of renewable energies in Africa's power sector can be raised by 50% in 2030 which will reduce 310 million tons of CO2 emissions compared to the baseline scenario in 2030. In the rural areas, due to such factors as sparse population and a low electricity consumption per capita, a main grid option will be very costly. Fig. 1 shows the most cost-effective renewable energy options preferred to than developing a main grid using various background colors for.
