This paper presents an analysis of the feasibility and sustainability of using local photovoltaic systems, ON-GRID central photovoltaic systems, and HYBRID systems for street lighting. Solar-powered road lighting is an important solution for addressing energy accessibility in areas lacking power grid coverage. Rural and remote regions face challenges such as less than 40% power grid coverage, high electricity costs (with traditional wiring costing over $15,000/km), and. In 2025, when the development gap between urban and rural areas continues to focus on infrastructure and quality of life, the “blank” in rural nighttime scenes is particularly striking — the lack of stable lighting makes it unsafe for villagers to travel at night, children have difficulty studying. The primary objective of this study is to present a design for a street lighting system based on LEDs, which is hybrid-powered by solar energy and batteries, thereby making it independent of the grid. By generating electricity from renewable sources (photovoltaic panels), solar energy contributes to environmental.
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